Biodegradable vs. Compostable Packaging
In today’s eco-conscious world, small and medium-sized business owners are continuously looking for ways to improve their business operations with regard to environmental sustainability. Fortunately, there is now a wealth of green packaging options available, enabling businesses to reduce their carbon footprint and combat climate change. However, the debate between biodegradable and compostable packaging has gained considerable attention in recent years. So which option is better for the environment and for business?
In short, biodegradable and compostable packaging solutions are both designed to break down naturally over time, but they have distinct differences in terms of their degradation processes and environmental impact. They can also vary in price and availability, so taking the time to weigh up the options is crucial for any business.
Biodegradable packaging is crafted from substances that can be broken down by microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi. Biodegradable packaging is typically made from organic materials such as plant-based polymers, paper, cardboard, and sometimes wheat or corn starch. However, the term “biodegradable” can be misleading, as degradation time frames can vary significantly.
Compostable packaging, on the other hand, is designed to break down fully into compost in a shorter time frame without producing toxic residue. Compostable packaging is crafted from recycled and plant-based materials such as wood pulp, potato starch and fungi. While the concept of composting itself is not new, the development and widespread use of compostable packaging has recently gained traction in the business world.
The Advantages Of Biodegradable Packaging
Longer Shelf Life - Biodegradable packaging generally has a longer shelf life compared to compostable alternatives, which can be advantageous for businesses offering products that require a longer shelf life before use. This also means that biodegradable packaging can be bought in bulk for use over a longer period of time, saving money per unit.
Versatile Degradation Conditions - Unlike compostable materials, which require specific conditions like controlled temperatures and microbial activity in compost bins, biodegradable materials can degrade in a broader range of environments.
Consumer Appeal - By using biodegradable packaging materials, your business can demonstrate its commitment to environmental sustainability and attract eco-conscious consumers. It may also encourage consumers to think more critically about their ecological impact.
The Disadvantages Of Biodegradable Packaging
Greenwashing - Biodegradable packaging can sometimes be considered a form of greenwashing. This is because some companies might use eco-friendly packaging claims as a distraction from larger sustainability issues in their operations.
Ineffective Degradation - The term “biodegradable” is not always regulated, and packaging labelled as such might not degrade as expected or result in harmful residues, defeating the purpose of using eco-friendly packaging.
Cost - The production of biodegradable packaging materials can be more expensive compared to traditional plastic-based alternatives. For businesses operating on tight budgets, these higher material costs can be problematic.
The Advantages Of Compostable Packaging
Nutrient-Rich Compost - Once compostable packaging has broken down, it can be added to the earth to enrich soil quality, supporting healthy plant growth and biodiversity. As such, choosing compostable materials for your ecommerce packaging will attract green-fingered customers.
Lower Carbon Footprint - Many compostable materials are made from renewable, plant-based resources, which often have a lower carbon footprint compared to fossil fuel-derived plastics.
Reduced Waste - Choosing compostable packaging for your business contributes to a more sustainable waste management system by reducing the amount of organic waste sent to landfills and incineration.
The Disadvantages Of Compostable Packaging
Limited Access to Composting Facilities - Not everybody has access to a compost bin, making it challenging for consumers and businesses to dispose of compostable packaging properly.
Greenwashing - Again, compostable packaging can also be a symptom of greenwashing. Some companies might opt for compostable packaging as a smoke screen to conceal more pressing environmental concerns. Additionally, some products might be labelled as compostable without adhering to the necessary standards or having the ability to break down effectively.
Quality and Consistency - Compostable materials might need to meet specific certification standards to ensure their compostability. This can lead to higher costs and scarcity.
Conclusion
All things considered, the decision between using compostable or biodegradable packaging depends on various factors, including your budget, values and target audience. Both options have their advantages and disadvantages, so it’s important to do plenty of research and shop around before making any commitments.